37 Photos
Augite
Chemical Formula	(Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe,Al,Ti)(Si,Al)2O6
Species	Silicates
Crystal System	Monoclinic
Mohs Scale	5-6
Specific Gravity	3.19-3.56
Color	Black, brown, greenish, Purple-brown; in thin section, colorless to gray with zoning common
Streak	Greenish-white
Luster	Vitreous, Resinous, Dull
Refractive Index	n = 1.680 - 1.735 n = 1.684 - 1.741 n = 1.706 - 1.774
Diaphaneity	Translucent, Opaque
Cleavage	Distinct/GoodGood on
Fracture	Irregular/Uneven, Sub-Conchoidal
Crystal Habit：Commonly as stubby prismatic crystals, also acicular, skeletal, dendritic
Geological Setting：Major rock forming mineral in mafic igneous rocks, ultramafic rocks and some high grade metamorphic rocks.

Augite is a common rock forming single chain inosilicate mineral with formula (Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe,Al,Ti)(Si,Al)₂O₆. The crystals are monoclinic and prismatic. Augite has two prominent cleavages, meeting at angles near 90 degrees.

Characteristics

Augite is a solid solution in the pyroxene group. Diopside and hedenbergite are important endmembers in augite, but augite can also contain significant aluminium, titanium, and sodium and other elements. The calcium content of augite is limited by a miscibility gap between it and pigeonite and orthopyroxene: when occurring with either of these other pyroxenes, the calcium content of augite is a function of temperature and pressure, but mostly of temperature, and so can be useful in reconstructing temperature histories of rocks. With declining temperature, augite may exsolve lamellae of pigeonite and/or orthopyroxene. There is also a miscibility gap between augite and omphacite, but this gap occurs at lower temperature and is not well understood.

Locations

It's an essential mineral in mafic igneous rocks; for example, gabbro and basalt and common in ultramafic rocks. It also occurs in relatively high-temperature metamorphic rocks such as mafic granulite and metamorphosed iron formations. It commonly occurs in association with orthoclase, sanidine, labradorite, olivine, leucite, amphiboles and other pyroxenes.

Occasional specimens have a shiny appearance that give rise to the mineral's name, which is from the Greek augites, meaning "brightness", although ordinary specimens have a dull (dark green, brown or black) luster. It was named by Abraham Gottlob Werner in 1792.

Transparent augites containing dendritic patterns are used as gems and ornamental stones known as shajar in parts of India. It is found near the Ken River. Local jewelers export raw shajar stone and items to different parts of India. Banda is one city noted for trade of shazar stone.