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Vesuvianite
Chemical Formula	Ca10(Mg, Fe)2Al4(SiO4)5(Si2O7)2(OH,F)4
Species	Silicates
Crystal System	Tetragonal
Mohs Scale	6
Specific Gravity	3.32-3.43
Color	Yellow, green, brown; colorless to white, blue, Purple, bluish green, pink, red, black, commonly zoned
Streak	White
Luster	Vitreous, Resinous
Refractive Index	n = 1.703 - 1.752 n = 1.700 - 1.746
Diaphaneity	Transparent, Translucent
Cleavage	Poor/IndistinctPoor on Very poor on
Fracture	Irregular/Uneven, Sub-Conchoidal
Crystal Habit：Short pyramidal to long prismatic crystals common, massive to columnar
Geological Setting：Skarns or regional metamorphism of limestones.

Vesuvianite, also known as idocrase, is a green, brown, yellow, or blue silicate mineral. Vesuvianite occurs as tetragonal crystals in skarn deposits and limestones that have been subjected to contact metamorphism. It was first discovered within included blocks or adjacent to lavas on Mount Vesuvius, hence its name.

A bluish variety known as cyprine has been reported from Franklin, New Jersey and other locations; the blue is due to impurities of copper. Californite is a name sometimes used for jade-like vesuvianite, also known as California-, American- or Vesuvianite-jade. Xanthite is a manganese rich variety. Wiluite is an optically positive variety from Wilui, Siberia. Idocrase is an older synonym sometimes used for gemstone-quality vesuvianite.