Name:Cerium;

 

Relative atomic mass: 140.12; common valence: +3, +4 electronegativity: 1.12

 

Peripheral electron configuration: 4f15d16s2; arrangement of extranuclear electrons: 2,8,18,20,8,2

 

Isotopes and radiation: Ce-134[3016d]Ce-136Ce-138Ce-139[137.6d]*Ce-140Ce-141[32.5d]Ce-142Ce-143[1.4d]Ce-144[284.6d]

 

Electron affinity and can: 0KJ ·mol-1

 

The first ionization energy: 528KJ ·mol-1; second ionization energy: 1047KJ· mol-1; third ionization energy: 1880KJ· mol-1

 

Single density: 6.773g/cm3; elemental melting point: 795 ℃boiling point: 3257℃Elemental

 

Atomic radius: 2.7; Egypt ion radius: 1.14 ( +3 ); covalent radius: 1.65 angstroms.

 

Common compounds: CeO2CeCl3

 

The application of cerium

 

1) additive

 

Cerium glass additive, can absorb ultraviolet and infrared rays, is now widely used in automotive glass. Not only UV, also can reduce the temperature inside the vehicle, thereby saving air-conditioning electricity. Since 1997, Japan automobile glass full adding cerium oxide, 1996 for the automotive glass cerium oxide having at least 2000 tons, about 1000 tons of the United States of america.

 

Purifying agent

 

Cerium is currently applied to automobile exhaust purification catalyst, which can effectively prevent the large number of automotive exhaust gas into the air. The United States of America in this regard consumption accounts for 1/3 of the total consumption of heavy rare earth.

 

2) compounds

 

Cerium sulphide can replace the lead, cadmium and other harmful to the environment and human beings metal is applied to the pigments, for coloring plastics, can also be used for coatings, inks and paper industries. The leading French Rhone Planck company.

 

Detection agent